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   March 2011: TOHOKU EARTHQUAKE & TSUNAMI   

Background

 

  • Off the Pacific coast of Tohoku, known as the Tohoku earthquake, or the Great East Japan Earthquake, was a magnitude 9.0 undersea megathrust earthquake off the coast of Japan that occurred on Friday, 11 March 2011.

  • The most powerful known earthquake ever to have hit Japan

  • One of the five most powerful earthquakes in the world since modern record-keeping began in 1900.

  • Triggered powerful tsunami waves that reached heights of up to 40.5 meters (133 ft) in some areas and in the Sendai area, it travelled up to 10 km (6 mi) inland.

  • The earthquake moved Honshu 2.4 m (8 ft) east and shifted the Earth on its axis by estimates of between 10 cm (4 in) and 25 cm (10 in).

  • The tsunami caused a number of nuclear accidents, primarily the ongoing level 7 meltdowns at three reactors in the Fukushima I Nuclear Power Plant complex, and the associated evacuation zones affecting hundreds of thousands of residents.

  • Many electrical generators were taken down, and at least three nuclear reactors suffered explosions due to hydrogen gas that had built up within their outer containment buildings.

“An aerial view of damage in the Tōhoku region with black smoke coming from the Nippon Oil Sendai oil refinery,”

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SH-60B_helicopter_flies_over_Sendai.jpg

Life Threatening Toll: Injury and Death

 

  • The Japanese National Police Agency confirmed 15,844 deaths, 5,890 injured, and 3,451 people missing across eighteen prefectures.

  • Over 125,000 buildings damaged or destroyed. The earthquake and tsunami caused extensive and severe structural damage in Japan, including heavy damage to roads and railways as well as fires in many areas, and a dam collapse.

  • Around 4.4 million households in northeastern Japan were left without electricity and 1.5 million without water.

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